Effect of Non Surgical Periodontal Therapy on C reactive protein levels in Hypertensive Patients at a Tertiary Health Institution in Nigeria Correspondence

Authors

  • Grace O. ALADE Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Nigeria Author
  • Patricia O. AYANBADEJO Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria Author
  • Kehinde A. UMEIZUDIKE Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria Author
  • Janet N. AJULUCHUKWU Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria. Author
  • Opeyemi A. OBILADE Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, State House Medical Centre, Asokoro, Abuja. Author
  • Azeez BUTALI Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa Author

Keywords:

C-reactive protein, Hypertension, Periodontitis, Periodontal therapy, Nigeria

Abstract

Objective: To determine the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on C-reactive protein (CRP) levels among hypertensive patients in Nigeria.
Methods: This was a prospective interventional study, among consecutive hypertensive patients with periodontitis, recruited from the Cardiology and Periodontology clinics of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) in Nigeria. All the participants were on antihypertensive medications. Participants had full mouth periodontal examination and received NSPT in form of scaling and root planing. Subjects’ blood pressure levels were recorded. Blood samples taken to evaluate serum CRP levels and clinical indices such as periodontal pocket depth (PPD), Clinical attachment loss (CAL) and Bleeding on Probing (BoP), were assessed before and three months after periodontal treatment. Baseline serum CRP levels were also determined in a comparable non-hypertensive and periodontally healthy control group.
Results: Fifty hypertensive subjects with periodontitis(11 males and 39 females) and 50 controls (20 males and 30 females) were enrolled. The mean serum CRP level was significantly higher in hypertensive and periodontitis group (3.18 ±2.93 mg/L) than the control group (1.15 ± 0.73 mg/L) (P< 0.001). The mean CRP in the hypertensive and periodontitis (3.18 ±2.93 mg/L) significantly decreased at three months after periodontal therapy (1.66 ± 1.03 mg/L) (P < 0.001). The mean CAL, PPD, and BOP indices ([2.07±2.66],
[4.46±0.93], [3.40±3.26]) of the hypertensive and periodontitis group were significantly reduced at three months after periodontal therapy ([1.25±1.68], [0.66±1.03], [0.58±1.01]) respectively (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: NSPT reduced serum CRP levels in hypertensive participants with periodontitis. This reiterates the beneficial effect of periodontal therapy in reducing the systemic inflammatory burden in hypertensive patients.

Downloads

Published

2025-04-08

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): Nigerian Journal of Periodontal Research

Section

Articles